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EP90 Panel 01 - Essential Aspects of Psychotherapy - James F.T. Bugental, PhD; Albert Ellis, PhD; Mary Goulding, MSW; Carl Whitaker, MD


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Topic Areas:
Topical Panels |  Psychotherapy
Categories:
Evolution of Psychotherapy |  Evolution of Psychotherapy 1990
Faculty:
James Bugental, PhD |  Albert Ellis, PhD |  Mary Goulding, MSW |  Carl Whitaker, MD
Duration:
1:00:13
Format:
Audio Only
Original Program Date:
Dec 12, 1990
License:
Never Expires.



Description

Description:

 

Educational Objectives:

  1. To compare and contrast clinical and philosophical perspectives of experts.

*Sessions may be edited for content and to preserve confidentiality*

Outline:

Panel on Essential Aspects of Psychotherapy – Condensed Outline

Introduction & Key Themes

  • Camillo Loriedo moderates; speakers introduce key psychotherapy concepts.
  • James Bugental begins the discussion with the objectification of clients and the therapist’s role in fostering self-knowledge.
  • Transference and countertransference are highlighted as key dynamics in therapy.

Albert Ellis on Therapy Techniques

  • Reviews his 1953 paper on therapy methods and disagreements among therapists.
  • Argues no single therapy is universally effective; all have contradictions.
  • Critiques Carl Rogers' view on necessary and sufficient therapy conditions.

Mary Goulding on Client Autonomy

  • Emphasizes short-term therapy and client responsibility for thoughts and actions.
  • Acknowledges genetics and fate but stresses personal control over happiness.
  • Shares insights from Russia, illustrating arbitrary self-imposed rules.

Carl Whitaker on the Therapist’s Role

  • Stresses therapist self-awareness, belief systems, and openness to change.
  • Warns against becoming a "mechanical psychological prostitute."
  • Advocates for role flexibility and mutual engagement in therapy.

Panel Discussion: Objectification, Hope & Therapy

  • Ellis and others discuss the importance of realistic hope in therapy.
  • Whitaker and Ellis debate trust, hope, and taking risks in treatment.
  • Audience questions explore hope’s role and the balance between optimism and realism.

Closing Thoughts: Creativity & Therapist Beliefs

  • Panelists reflect on the role of "craziness" in creativity and therapy.
  • Discussion concludes with the importance of balancing realism, creativity, and personal belief systems in psychotherapy.

Credits



Faculty

James Bugental, PhD's Profile

James Bugental, PhD Related Seminars and Products


James Bugental, PhD, was one of the predominant theorists and advocates of the Existential-Humanistic Therapy movement. He received his Ph.D. from Ohio State University in 1948, was named a Fellow of the American Psychological Association in 1955, and was the first recipient of the APA's Division of Humanistic Psychology's Rollo May Award. James devoted himself to teaching and writing; he was also an Emeritus Professor, Saybrook Institute, and an Emeritus Clinical Lecturer (formerly Associate Clinical Professor), Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University Medical School. In 1987, he was the recipient of the first annual Rollo May Award of the Mentor Society "for contributions to the literary pursuit," and in 1986, he received a certificate "in recognition of the distinguished contribution to the discipline of Clinical Psychology" from the Division of Clinical Psychology, American Psychological Association. He was a past president of the Association for Humanisitic Psychology and served on the editorial boards of eight professional journals. Bugental has written 150 articles, reviews, comments, and chapters in books edited by others.


Albert Ellis, PhD's Profile

Albert Ellis, PhD Related Seminars and Products


Albert Ellis, PhD, was an American psychologist who in 1955 developed Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). He held M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in clinical psychology from Columbia University and American Board of Professional Psychology (ABPP). He also founded and was the President of the New York City-based Albert Ellis Institute for decades.

He is generally considered to be one of the originators of the cognitive revolutionary paradigm shift in psychotherapy and one of the founders of cognitive-behavioral therapies.[2]

Based on a 1982 professional survey of US and Canadian psychologists, he was considered as the second most influential psychotherapist in history (Carl Rogers ranked first in the survey; Sigmund Freud was ranked third).[3][4] Psychology Today noted, "No individual—not even Freud himself—has had a greater impact on modern psychotherapy."[5] 


Mary Goulding, MSW's Profile

Mary Goulding, MSW Related Seminars and Products


Mary Goulding, MSW, is one of the leading exponents of Transactional Analysis. Along with her husband Robert Goulding, she developed an approach called Redecision therapy which synthesizes Transactional Analysis and Gestalt. Together they founded the Western Institute for Group and Family Therapy in Watsonville, California, and co-authored two professional books about their approach. There is also an edited volume about the Redecision model. Mary has served as a member of the Board of Trustees of the International Transactional Analysis Association and is a Teaching Member of that organization. Her M.S.W. was granted in 1960 from the School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley.


Carl Whitaker, MD's Profile

Carl Whitaker, MD Related Seminars and Products


Carl Whitaker, MD, was an American physician and psychotherapy pioneer family therapist. Whitaker is most well-known for acknowledging the role of the entire family in the therapeutic process. He is the founder of experiential family therapy, or the symbolic-experiential approach to therapy. Rather than scapegoating one family member or even a specific family problem, experiential family therapy looks at the entire family system. Several other approaches to family therapy have drawn heavily from Whitaker's theories.


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